Today, Rotary District 9102 has ninety (95) clubs in the four (4) countries with two thousand four hundred eighty-five (2485) members – five hundred (500) women representing 33.67 % and nine hundred and eighty-four men representing 66.26%. Rotarians of Rotary District 9102 continue to intensify their efforts to eradicate polio; promote peace; fighting disease by providing clean water; saving mothers and children; support education and the growth of local economies. The District includes Benin, Ghana, Niger and Togo.

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BENIN: COUNTRY PROFILE

Present-day Benin was the site of Dahomey, a West African kingdom that rose to prominence around 1600 and over the next two and a half centuries became a regional power, largely based on its slave trade. slaves. The coastal areas of Dahomey began to be controlled by the French in the second half of the 19th century; the whole kingdom was conquered in 1894. French Dahomey obtained its independence in 1960; it changed its name to the Republic of Benin in 1975.

Benin is located in West Africa, bordering the Gulf of Benin, between Nigeria and Togo, with a total area of ​​2,123 km. Its border countries (4) are: Burkina Faso 386 km, Niger 277 km, Nigeria 809 km, Togo 651 km. its natural resources include small offshore oil deposits, limestone, marble, timber. With its tropical climate; hot, humid in the south; semi-arid in the north, Benin has a population of 11,340,504 (July 2018 est.). The population is mainly located in the south, with the highest concentration of people residing in and around the towns on the Atlantic coast; most of the north remains sparsely populated with higher concentrations of residents in the west. The official language in Benin is French and they are predominantly Muslim. Benin has a young age structure – nearly 65% ​​of the population is under 25 – which is reinforced by high fertility and population growth rates. Poverty, unemployment, the rising cost of living and dwindling resources are increasingly pushing Beninese to migrate. It is estimated that 4.4 million, or more than 40%, of Beninese live abroad.

GHANA: COUNTRY PROFILE

Another country is West Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Ivory Coast and Togo. Ghana has a total area of ​​2,420 km with bordering countries (3): Burkina Faso 602 km, Côte d’Ivoire 720 km, Togo 1098 km. With a tropical climate; hot and relatively dry along the southeast coast; hot and humid in the southwest; hot and dry in the north, Ghana is rich in gold, timber, industrial diamonds, bauxite, manganese, fish, rubber, hydroelectricity, oil, silver, salt, limestone.

Born from the merger of the British colony of the Gold Coast and the Trust Territory of Togo, Ghana became in 1957 the first sub-Saharan country in colonial Africa to gain independence. Ghana suffered a series of coups before Lt. Jerry RAWLINGS took power in 1981 and banned political parties. After approving a new constitution and restoring a multiparty system in 1992, RAWLINGS won presidential elections in 1992 and 1996, but was constitutionally barred from seeking a third term in 2000. John KUFUOR of the opposition New Patriotic Party (NPP) succeeded and was re-elected in 2004. John Atta MILLS of the Democratic National Congress won the 2008 presidential election and became head of state, but he died in July 2012 and was constitutionally succeeded by his vice-president, John Dramani MAHAMA, who went on to win the December 2012 presidential election. In 2016, however, the NPP’s Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO defeated MAHAMA, marking the third time Ghana’s presidency has changed parties since the return to democracy.

The country has a population of 28,102,471 (July 2018 estimate), concentrated in the southern half of the country, with the highest concentrations found on or near the Atlantic coast. English is the official language and the country is predominantly Christian

Lake Volta is the world’s largest artificial lake (artificial reservoir) by surface area (8,482 km²; 3,275 mi²); the lake was created after the completion of the Akosombo Dam in 1965, which impounds the White Volta and Black Volta rivers

Ghana has a young age structure, with around 57% of the population under the age of 25. Its total fertility rate fell considerably during the 1980s and 1990s, but stabilized at around four children per woman in recent years. Fertility remains higher in the northern region than in the Greater Accra region. On average, desired fertility remained stable for several years; city ​​dwellers want fewer children than rural people. Increases in life expectancy, due to improved health care, nutrition and sanitation, and a decline in fertility have increased the share of older people in Ghana; The proportion of people aged 60 and over in Ghana is among the highest in sub-Saharan Africa. Poverty has decreased in Ghana, but it remains pervasive in the northern region, which is susceptible to droughts and floods and has less access to transport infrastructure, markets, fertile farmland and industrial centers. The northern region also has a lower school enrollment rate, a higher illiteracy rate and fewer opportunities for women.

NIGER: COUNTRY PROFILE

Niger is one of the poorest countries in the world with minimal government services and insufficient funds to develop its resource base. The largely agrarian and subsistence economy is frequently disrupted by prolonged droughts common to the Sahel region of Africa. A Tuareg rebellion emerged in 2007 and ended in 2009. Niger faces heightened security challenges at its borders due to various external threats, including insecurity in Libya, spillovers from the conflict in Mali, and the violent extremism in northeastern Nigeria.

Located southeast of Algeria, Niger has a total area of ​​5,834 km with bordering countries (7): Algeria 951 km, Benin 277 km, Burkina Faso 622 km, Chad 1196 km, Libya 342 km, Mali 838 km, Nigeria 1608 km. Its natural resources include uranium, coal, iron ore, tin, phosphates, gold, molybdenum, gypsum, salt and petroleum. Desert, the climate is mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in the far south. Landlocked, Niger is one of the hottest countries in the world; four-fifths to the north is desert, the fifth to the south is savannah, suitable for ranching and limited agriculture

Niger became independent from France in 1960 and experienced one-party, military rule until 1991, when General Ali SAIBOU was forced by public pressure to allow multi-party elections, which resulted in a democratic government in 1993. Political wrangling paralyzed the government. and in 1996 led to a coup by Colonel Ibrahim BARE. In 1999, BARE was killed in a counter-coup by military officers who restored democratic rule and organized elections that brought Mamadou TANDJA to power in December of that year. TANDJA was re-elected in 2004 and in 2009 spearheaded a constitutional amendment allowing him to extend his term as president. In February 2010, military officers led a coup that overthrew TANDJA and suspended the constitution. ISSOUFOU Mahamadou was elected in April 2011 following the coup and re-elected for a second term in early 2016.

The majority of the population of 19,866,231 (July 2018 estimate) is located in the far south of the country, along the border with Nigeria and Benin. Mainly Hausa, French is the official language. Niger is a Muslim country.

For more than half a century, Niger’s lack of economic development led to constant net emigration. In the 1960s, Nigeriens mainly migrated to coastal West African countries to work on a seasonal basis. Some traveled to Libya and Algeria in the 1970s to work in the booming oil industry until its decline in the 1980s. Since the 1990s, the main destinations for Nigerien migrant workers have been countries of West Africa, notably Burkina Faso and Côte d’Ivoire, while emigration to Europe and North America remained modest. During the same period, the city of the Niger desert trade route, Agadez,

TOGO: COUNTRY PROFILE

The last West African country in Rotary District 9102 borders the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana. It has a total area of ​​1,880 km and is bordered by the countries Benin 651 km, Burkina Faso 131 km, Ghana 1098 km. Its climate is tropical; hot, humid in the south; semi-arid in the north and the natural resources are sulphates, limestone, marble, arable land. Togo is one of the most densely populated African countries with most of the population residing in rural communities, density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast.

French Togo became Togo in 1960. General Gnassingbé EYADEMA, installed as military leader in 1967, ruled Togo with a heavy hand for nearly four decades. Despite the façade of multi-party elections instituted in the early 1990s, the government was largely dominated by President EYADEMA, whose Rassemblement du peuple togolais (RPT) party has been in power almost continuously since 1967 and his successor, the Union for the Republic, retains the majority of seats in the current legislature.

When EYADEMA died in February 2005, the army installed the president’s son, Faure GNASSINGBE, then organized his official election two months later. Democratic gains since then enabled Togo to hold its first relatively free and fair legislative elections in October 2007. Since 2007, President GNASSINGBE has set the country on a gradual path of political reconciliation and democratic reform, and Togo has held several presidential and legislative elections that have been deemed generally free and fair by international observers.

Despite these positive steps, political reconciliation has progressed slowly and many Togolese complain that important political measures such as presidential term limits and electoral reforms remain on hold, leaving the country’s politics in a lethargic state. Internationally, Togo is still known as a country where the same family has been in power for five decades. President GNASSINGBE has set the country on a gradual path of political reconciliation and democratic reform, and Togo has held several presidential and legislative elections which were deemed generally free and fair by international observers. Despite these positive steps, political reconciliation has progressed slowly and many Togolese complain that important political measures such as presidential term limits and electoral reforms remain on hold, leaving the country’s politics in a lethargic state.

Internationally, Togo is still known as a country where the same family has been in power for five decades. President GNASSINGBE has set the country on a gradual path of political reconciliation and democratic reform, and Togo has held several presidential and legislative elections which were deemed generally free and fair by international observers. Despite these positive steps, political reconciliation has progressed slowly and many Togolese complain that important political measures such as presidential term limits and electoral reforms remain on hold, leaving the country’s politics in a lethargic state. Internationally, Togo is still known as a country where the same family has been in power for five decades. and Togo held several presidential and legislative elections that were deemed generally free and fair by international observers.

Despite these positive steps, political reconciliation has progressed slowly and many Togolese complain that important political measures such as presidential term limits and electoral reforms remain on hold, leaving the country’s politics in a lethargic state. 

Internationally, Togo is still known as a country where the same family has been in power for five decades. and Togo held several presidential and legislative elections that were deemed generally free and fair by international observers. Despite these positive steps, political reconciliation has progressed slowly and many Togolese complain that important political measures such as presidential term limits and electoral reforms remain on hold, leaving the country’s politics in a lethargic state. Internationally, Togo is still known as a country where the same family has been in power for five decades. political reconciliation has progressed slowly, and many Togolese complain that important political measures such as presidential term limits and electoral reforms remain on hold, leaving the country’s politics in a lethargic state. Internationally, Togo is still known as a country where the same family has been in power for five decades. political reconciliation has progressed slowly, and many Togolese complain that important political measures such as presidential term limits and electoral reforms remain on hold, leaving the country’s politics in a lethargic state. Internationally, Togo is still known as a country where the same family has been in power for five decades.

Togo has a population of 8,176,449 (July 2018 estimate) and is considered one of the most densely populated African countries, with most of the population residing in rural communities. Density is highest in the south or near the Atlantic coast. Mainly African, French is the official language spoken with more than Christians than Muslims. Togo’s population is estimated to have grown up to four times its size between 1960 and 2010. With almost 60% of its population under the age of 25 and a high annual growth rate attributed largely to high fertility , the population of Togo is likely to continue to increase for the foreseeable future. Reducing fertility, boosting job creation and improving education will be key to reducing the country’s high poverty rate. Togo is both a country of emigration and asylum.